Matthew 10:33

Vocabulary (Greek word by word)

ὅστις (pron sg masc nom) "Whoever" is from hostis, which means "that," "anyone who," "anything which," "whosoever," "whichsoever" and "anybody whatsoever."

δὲ (partic) "But" is from de which means "but" and "on the other hand." It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be an explanation of cause ("so").

ἀρνήσηταί [9 verses](3rd sg fut ind mp or verb 3rd sg aor subj mp ) "Shall deny" is from aparneomai, which means "to deny utterly," "to refuse," "to reject," and "to deny."

με (pron 1st sg masc acc) "Me" is from eme, which means "I," "me," and "my."

ἔμπροσθεν (adv/prep) "Before" is from emprosthen, which as an adverb means [of place]"in front of," "before," "forwards," [of time] "before," "of old," and as a preposition, "facing," "opposite," "in front," [of time] beforehand," and [of degree] "preferred before." It also denotes a ranking. -

τῶν (article pl masc gen)  Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."

ἀνθρώπων, (noun pl masc gen) "Men" is from anthropos, which is "man," and, in plural, "mankind." It also means "humanity" and that which is human and opposed to that which is animal or inanimate. -

ἀρνήσομαι [9 verses](1st sg fut ind mp or verb 1st sg aor subj mp ) "Will...deny" is from aparneomai, which means "to deny utterly," "to refuse," "to reject," and "to deny."

κἀγὼ (pron 1st sg nom/conj) "Also" is from kago, a contraction of kai ego. "And" is from kai, which is the conjunction joining phrases and clauses, "and," or "also." After words implying sameness, "as" (the same opinion as you). Used in series, joins positive with negative "Not only...but also." Also used to give emphasis, "even," "also," and "just." "I" is from ego, which is the first person singular pronoun meaning "I." It also means "I at least," "for my part," "indeed," and "for myself."

αὐτὸν (adj sg masc acc) "Him" is from autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord." -

ἔμπροσθεν (adv/prep) "Before" is from emprosthen, which as an adverb means [of place]"in front of," "before," "forwards," [of time] "before," "of old," and as a preposition, "facing," "opposite," "in front," [of time] beforehand," and [of degree] "preferred before." It also denotes a ranking.

τοῦ (article sg masc gen)  Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."

πατρός (noun sg masc gen) "Father" is from pater, which means "father," "grandfather," "author," "parent," and "forefathers."

μου (pron 1st sg masc gen) "My" is from mou, which mean "my," or "mine."

τοῦ (article sg masc gen) "Who" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." It could also be seen as from hos, which means "this," "that," "he," "she," "which," "what," "who," "whosoever," "where," "for which reason," and many similar meanings.

ἐν (prep) "In" is from en, which means "in," "on," "at," "by," "among," "within," "surrounded by," "in one's hands," "in one's power," and "with."

τοῖς  (article pl masc dat)  Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones."

οὐρανοῖς. (noun pl masc dat) "Heaven" is from the Greek ouranos, which means "heaven as in the vault of the sky," "heaven as the seat of the gods," "the sky," "the universe," and "the climate."

KJV — word by word

But -- The Greek word translated as "but" joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.

whoever -- "Whoever" is a Greek word that means "anyone who," or "anything that." In questions, it means "who" or "what." Its uses often signals the Christ is asking a question.

shall -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time.  Since the "anyone who" creates a sense of possibility, the "might" seems to work better. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

deny -- "Deny" is translated from a Greek word that means "to rejects" and "to deny utterly." The form is either the future tense or a tense meaning something that might happen at some specific time, past, present, or future. If the word is the "at some time" tense, it is in a form that indicates something that "might" happen. This later "might at some time" form is always used with "if" clauses, which is the sense here.

me -- "Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.

before -- The Greek word translated as "before" means "in front of."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

men, -- The Greek word for "men" in the plural means "person" and "humanity" in the singular and "people" and "peoples" in the plural.

him -- The word translated as "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it has a few shades of meaning our pronouns do not have. The word technically means "the same."

will -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

I -- The pronoun "I" is used here as part of a contraction that means "and I." Since, as the subject of the sentence, it is part of the verb, its explicit use accentuates who is speaking "I." Saying "I myself" captures this feeling in English.

also  -- "Also" is also from the contraction of "and" and "I." The conjunction "and" can also mean "also" and "as (in comparison)."  In this part of the sentence, the future tense is more likely because it is not a clause of possibility.

deny -- "Deny" is translated from a Greek word that means "to rejects" and "to deny utterly." The form again indicates either the future or something that might happen at some time. Since this is the statement part of the verse, the future tense is more likely.

before The Greek word translated as "before" means "in front of" referring to place and when used to apply to time means "beforehand."

my -- "My" is from the standard first-person possessive pronoun. This word appears after "father" so "of mine."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

Father  "Father" is the common word that Christ uses to address his own father, though it can mean any male ancestor.

which -- (WW) The word translated as "which" is from the Greek article, "the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one."

is -- (IW) There is nothing that can be translated as "is" in the Greek source.

in -- The word translated as "in" also means "within," "with," or "among." It is the same word not translated twice in this verse. This is the word that is untranslated as "with" above.

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

heaven. -- (WN) The word translated as "heaven" means "sky," "the climate," and "the universe." It is in the plural here. It also meant the home of the gods in a physical sense: the sun, moon, and planets were named for the gods. Thjs word is plural, not singular.

NIV — word by word

But  -- The Greek word translated as "but" joins phrases in an adversarial way. Since it always falls in the second position, translating it as "however" often captures its feeling better.

whoever -- "Whoever" is a Greek word that means "anyone who," or "anything that." In questions, it means "who" or "what." Its uses often signals the Christ is asking a question.

disowns --  (WF) "Disowns" is translated from a Greek word that means "to rejects" and "to deny utterly." The form is either the future tense or a tense meaning something that might happen at some specific time, past, present, or future. If the word is the "at some time" tense, it is in a form that indicates something that "might" happen. This later "might at some time" form is always used with "if" clauses, which is the sense here.

me -- "Me" is the regular first-person pronoun in Greek.

before -- The Greek word translated as "before" means "in front of."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

others, -- (WW) The Greek word for "men" in the plural means "person" and "humanity" in the singular and "people" and "peoples" in the plural.

missing "also"  -- (MW) The untranslated idea is part of  a contraction of "and" and "I." The conjunction "and" can also mean "also" and "as (in comparison)."  In this part of the sentence, the future tense is more likely because it is not a clause of possibility.

I -- The pronoun "I" is used here as part of a contraction that means "and I." Since, as the subject of the sentence, it is part of the verb, its explicit use accentuates who is speaking "I." Saying "I myself" captures this feeling in English.

missing "him"  -- (MW) The untranslated word "him" is the Greek word commonly translated as pronouns in English, but it has a few shades of meaning our pronouns do not have. The word technically means "the same."

will -- This helping verb "shall" indicates that the verb is the future tense or a form that indicates possibility at some time. Helping or auxiliary verbs are needed to translate the Greek verb forms into English.

disown -- "Disown" is translated from a Greek word that means "to rejects" and "to deny utterly." The form again indicates either the future or something that might happen at some time. Since this is the statement part of the verse, the future tense is more likely.

before The Greek word translated as "before" means "in front of" referring to place and when used to apply to time means "beforehand."

my -- "My" is from the standard first-person possessive pronoun. This word appears after "father" so "of mine."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

Father  "Father" is the common word that Christ uses to address his own father, though it can mean any male ancestor.

missing "the one"  -- (MW) The untranslated word"the one" is from the Greek article, "the," which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one."

in -- The word translated as "in" also means "within," "with," or "among." It is the same word not translated twice in this verse. This is the word that is untranslated as "with" above.

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

heaven. -- (WN) The word translated as "heaven" means "sky," "the climate," and "the universe." It is in the plural here. It also meant the home of the gods in a physical sense: the sun, moon, and planets were named for the gods. Thjs word is plural, not singular.