Matthew 10:24

Vocabulary (Greek word by word)

Οὐκ (partic) "Not" is from ou which is the negative adverb for facts and statements, negating both single words and sentences. The other negative adverb, μή applies to will and thought; οὐ denies, μή rejects; οὐ is absolute, μή relative; οὐ objective, μή subjective. More on the Greek negatives in this article.

ἔστιν (3rd sg pres ind act) "Is" is from eimi, which means "to be," "to exist," "to be the case," and "is possible." It can also mean "must" with a dative. -- When the verb "to be" appears early in the sentence before the subject, the sense is more like "it is" or, in the plural, "there are."

μαθητὴς (noun sg masc nom) "Disciple" is from mathetes, which means "learner," "pupil," "student," and "apprentice."

ὑπὲρ (prep) "Above" is from hyper (huper), which means "over" (of place), "above' (in a state of rest), "off' (ships at sea), "over" and "across (in a state of motion), "over," "beyond," "on behalf of one (metaphor), "for," "instead of," "in the name of," "as a representative of" (in an entreaty), "for" and "because of" (of the cause or motive), "concerning," "exceeding" "above" and "beyond" (of measure), "above" and "upwards" (of numbers), "before" and "earlier than" (of time), "over much" and "beyond measure" (as an adverb), "for" and "in deference of" (doing a thing), and "above measure."

τὸν (article sg masc acc) "The" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." -

διδάσκαλον (noun sg masc acc) "Master" is from didaskalos, which means "teacher," "master," "trainer," and "producer."

οὐδὲ (partic) "Nor" is from a Greek negative meaning "but not" and as both parts of "neither...nor."

δοῦλος (noun sg masc nom) "The servant" is from doulos, which means a "slave," a "born bondsman," or "one made a slave."

ὑπὲρ (prep) "Above" is from hyper (huper), which means "over" (of place), "above' (in a state of rest), "off' (ships at sea), "over" and "across (in a state of motion), "over," "beyond," "on behalf of one (metaphor), "for," "instead of," "in the name of," "as a representative of" (in an entreaty), "for" and "because of" (of the cause or motive), "concerning," "exceeding" "above" and "beyond" (of measure), "above" and "upwards" (of numbers), "before" and "earlier than" (of time), "over much" and "beyond measure" (as an adverb), "for" and "in deference of" (doing a thing), and "above measure."

τὸν (article sg masc acc)  Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the"), which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one" or, in the plural, "the ones." --

κύριον (noun sg masc acc) "Lord" is from kyrios  which means "having power," "being in authority" and "being in possession of

αὐτοῦ. (adj sg masc gen) "His" is from autos, which means "the same," and the reflexive pronouns, "myself," "yourself," "himself," "herself," "itself," or the oblique case of the pronouns, "him," "her," and "it." It also means "one's true self," that is, "the soul" as opposed to the body and "of one's own accord."

KJV — word by word

The -- -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. 

disciple  -- "Disciple" is from the Greek meaning "learner," "pupil," "student," and "apprentice." "Disciple" is a religious spin on this concept.

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. This can also be translated as "there is."

not -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Read more about the Greek negatives here.

above -- "Above" is a preposition that means "over," "more than," and in position, "above." Here, it has the sense of having authority over. It is the opposite of the preposition used in Matthew 10:22.

his -- (WW) The word translated as "his" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

master, -- (WW) The word translated as "master" specifically means "teacher." It is a Greek verb that means "to teach." This is not the common word for "master," which is used later in the verse.

nor -- "Nor" is a word means "but not," "neither," "nor," and "not even."

the-- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. 

servant -- "Servant" means "a born slave," or "a bondsman."

above -- "Above" is a preposition that means "over," "more than," and in position, "above." Here, it has the sense of having authority over. It is the opposite of the preposition used in Matthew 10:22.

his -- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word Christ commonly uses at the 3rd person pronoun. Since the word follows the noun, the sense is "of his."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

lord. -- "Lord" is from the Greek that means "master," "owner," "one in authority," and "one who has power." It also means "lord," "master of the house," and "head of the family." It is the word translated as "Lord" when referring to God.

NIV — word by word

The -- -- (IW) This word is not in the Greek source. 

student -- "Student" is from the Greek meaning "learner," "pupil," "student," and "apprentice." "Disciple" is a religious spin on this concept.

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. This can also be translated as "there is."

not -- The Greek word translated as "not" is the Greek negative used to deny objective facts, not opinions. It makes a negative statement of fact. Read more about the Greek negatives here.

above -- "Above" is a preposition that means "over," "more than," and in position, "above." Here, it has the sense of having authority over. It is the opposite of the preposition used in Matthew 10:22.

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

teacher, -- (The word translated as "teacher" specifically means "teacher." It is a Greek verb that means "to teach." This is not the common word for "master," which is used later in the verse.

nor -- "Nor" is a word means "but not," "neither," "nor," and "not even."

a -- There is no indefinite article in Greek, but when a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article can be added in English translation. .

servant -- "Servant" means "a born slave," or "a bondsman."

above -- "Above" is a preposition that means "over," "more than," and in position, "above." Here, it has the sense of having authority over. It is the opposite of the preposition used in Matthew 10:22.

his -- The word translated as "his" is the Greek word Christ commonly uses at the 3rd person pronoun. Since the word follows the noun, the sense is "of his."

missing "the"  -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one." The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this," "that," "these," "those"). See this article for more. 

lord. -- "Lord" is from the Greek that means "master," "owner," "one in authority," and "one who has power." It also means "lord," "master of the house," and "head of the family." It is the word translated as "Lord" when referring to God.