Mark 13:18

Vocabulary (Greek word by word)

προσεύχεσθε [26 verses](2nd pl pres imperat) "Pray" is from proseuchomai, which means "to offer prayers or vows," "to worship," and "to pray for a thing. It is the combination of two Greek word, pros, meaning "towards" or "by reason of," and euchomai, meaning "to pray to God." -- The Greek word translated as "pray" means "to offer prayers of vows" either "to worship" or "ask for a thing." 

δὲ  [446 verses](conj) "And" is from de which means "but" and "on the other hand." It is the particle that joins sentences in an adversarial way but can also be a weak connective ("and") and explanation of cause ("so").

​ἵνα [134 verses](adv/conj) "That" is from hina, which means "in that place", "there", "where", "when", "that", "in order that", "when," and "because."

μὴ [447 verses](partic) "Not" is from me , which is the negative used in prohibitions and expressions of doubt meaning "not" and "no." As οὐ (ou) negates fact and statement; μή rejects, οὐ denies; μή is relative, οὐ absolute; μή subjective, οὐ objective.

γένηται [117 verses](verb 3rd sg aor subj) "Be" is from ginomai, which means "to become", "to come into being", "to happen", "to be produced," and "to be." It means changing into a new state of being. It is the complementary opposite of the verb "to be" (eimi)which indicates existence in the same state. A genitive object indicates the time during which it "happens" or a date on which it "falls." A dative object indicates to whom it happens.

χειμῶνος [3 verses] ( noun sg masc gen ) "Winter" is cheimon, which means "winter", "wintery", "storm", "stormy" and it is a metaphor for a calamity sent by the gods.

KJV — word by word

But -- The Greek word translated as "but" joins phrases in an adversarial way. However, it also can act as the word "so" explaining a cause, which is what it seems to do here. When used in writing, it creates complex sentences, but when spoken, it makes a good pausing point so that an important or humorous word can follow.

pray - "Pray" is a compound Greek word meaning "to pray to God towards" or "pray to God by reason of." It has the sense of praying for something specific rather than praying as a conversation or worship. Christ has been using the third person command until this point. This is a second person command, as we would see in English.

ye -- This is from the third-person, plural form of the following verb.

that -- The word translated as "that" is an adverb or a conjunction that starts a subordinate clause "there", "where," and "in order that."

your flight-- (OS) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "your flight" in the source we use today but it does exist in the source that the KJV translators used.

missing "should" or "might"-- (MW) A helping verb is necessary because the following verb is a verb of possibility, a subjunctive, something that "should" or "might" occur. The helping verb is not needed in a clause beginning with an "if," "when," "whoever" and other conditional clauses.

be -- (WW) The word translated as "be" means "to become," that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word means "to happen," "to occur," or "take place." For things, it can be "to be produced."  In English, we would say "happen in a storm."

not - The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests. The sense is that "you don't want" to do something, not that it isn't done or don't think something that might be true. If it wasn't done or wasn't true, the objective negative of fact would be used.

in -- This word comes from the genitive case of the following word that required the addition of a preposition in English. With this verb, the sense is "during" or "in."

the -- (IW) There are no Greek words that can be translated as "the" in the source we use today nor was there one in the source that the KJV translators used. When a word doesn't have a definite article, the indefinite article ("a", "an" can be added in English translation.

winter, --  (CW) "Winter" is a noun that means primarily "winter" but also "wintry, stormy weather." It is a metaphor for a calamity sent by the gods. However, Judea didn't have a "winter" as we know it, so the sense is "storm." We know Jesus uses it to mean "stormy weather" because it is the word he uses to in the "red sky in the morning" verse. However, the fact that it also means a calamity "sent by the gods" is humorous because Jesus is describing just such a calamity. Because this word describes what the flight becomes "calamity" would certainly be implied. This is not the specific meaning of the word in this situation.

NIV — word by word

missing "but"-- (MW) The untranslated word "but" joins phrases in an adversarial way. However, it also can act as the word "so" explaining a cause, which is what it seems to do here. When used in writing, it creates complex sentences, but when spoken, it makes a good pausing point so that an important or humorous word can follow.

Pray - "Pray" is a compound Greek word meaning "to pray to God towards" or "pray to God by reason of." It has the sense of praying for something specific rather than praying as a conversation or worship. Christ has been using the third person command until this point. This is a second person command, as we would see in English.

that -- The word translated as "that" is an adverb or a conjunction that starts a subordinate clause "there", "where," and "in order that."

this -- (IW) There is no Greek word that can be translated as "this" in the Greek source.

will -- (WT) This helping verb will" indicates that the following verb is the future tense, but it isn't.

missing "should" or "might"-- (MW) A helping verb is necessary because the following verb is a verb of possibility, a subjunctive, something that "should" or "might" occur. The helping verb is not needed in a clause beginning with an "if," "when," "whoever" and other conditional clauses.

not The negative used here is the Greek negative of a subjective opinion, commands, and requests. The sense is that "you don't want" to do something, not that it isn't done or don't think something that might be true. If it wasn't done or wasn't true, the objective negative of fact would be used.

take place-- -- The word translated as "take place" means "to become," that is, to enter into a new state. When applied to events, this word means "to happen," "to occur," or "take place." For things, it can be "to be produced."  In English, we would say "happen in a storm."

in -- This word comes from the genitive case of the following word that required the addition of a preposition in English.  With this verb, the sense is "during" or "in."

winter,--  (CW) "Winter" is a noun that means primarily "winter" but also "wintry, stormy weather." It is a metaphor for a calamity sent by the gods. However, Judea didn't have a "winter" as we know it, so the sense is "storm." We know Jesus uses it to mean "stormy weather" because it is the word he uses to in the "red sky in the morning" verse. However, the fact that it also means a calamity "sent by the gods" is humorous because Jesus is describing just such a calamity. Because this word describes what the flight becomes "calamity" would certainly be implied. This is not the specific meaning of the word in this situation.