John 17:17

Vocabulary (Greek word by word)

ἁγίασον [6 verses] (verb 2nd sg aor imperat act) "Sanctify" it is hagiazo, which means "to separate from profane things and dedicate to God", "to dedicate people to God", "to purify" and "to cleanse externally or internally". This may be a special form of hagizo which means "to hallow", "to dedicate" and "to make sacred", commonly by burning a sacrifice. It may also be a verb from of the noun hagos, which means "a thing that creates awe".

αὐτοὺς [62 verses](pron pl masc acc) "Them" is autos, in the form of the plural, object, masculine pronoun "them".

ἐν [413 verses](prep) "In" is en, which means, with a dative object, "in", "on", "at", "by", "among", "within", "surrounded by", "in one's hands", "in one's power", "during" and "with". With the accusative, it means "into", "on" and "for". Referring to time, it means. "in the course of" or "during".

τῇ [821 verses](article sg fem dat) "Thy" is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").

ἀληθείᾳ: [19 verses] (noun sg fem dat) "Truth" is aletheia, which means literally "the state of not being hidden", "truth" and "reality". It was also applied to "real events" and "the realization of a dream". Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance. The Greek concept of truth was that it was defined by its opposition to that which is concealed. This goes back to a daughter of Zeus, Aletheia, whose opposites were Dolos (Trickery), Apate (Deception) and the Pseudologoi (Lies).

ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").

λόγος, [80 verses](noun sg masc nom) "Word" is logos, which means "word", "computation", "relation", "explanation", "law", "rule of conduct", "continuous statement", "tradition", "discussion", "reckoning", "reputation" (when applied to people) and "value".

ὁ [821 verses](article sg masc nom) Untranslated is the Greek definite article, hos, ("the").

σὸς [8 verses](adj sg masc non) "Thine" is sos, which means "thy", "thine", "of thee" or "from thee".

ἀλήθειά [19 verses] (noun sg fem nom/acc) "Truth" is aletheia, which means literally "the state of not being hidden", "truth" and "reality". It was also applied to "real events" and "the realization of a dream". Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance. The Greek concept of truth was that it was defined by its opposition to that which is concealed. This goes back to a daughter of Zeus, Aletheia, whose opposites were Dolos (Trickery), Apate (Deception) and the Pseudologoi (Lies).

ἐστίν.[614 verses](3rd sg pres ind act) "Is" is eimi, which means "to be", "to exist", "to be the case", of circumstance and events "to happen" and "is possible". With the genitive object, the sense is "belongs to". With the dative, it means "have" where the subject and object are reversed.

KJV — word by word

Sanctify -- The "sanctify" here means to "purify" for dedication to the Divine, "to dedicate to God" and "to sanctify", usually by burning an offering. The noun form means "a thing that creates awe". Another way to think about this word is that it describes something set apart only for God.

them -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English in the form of an plural object of a verb or preposition. As the object of a preposition, an accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time

through -- (CW) The word translated as "through" means "in", "within", "with" (an instrument), "by" (near), "by" (means of), "during" (time) or "among", with a dative object as the one here. When referring to time, it means "during". It can mean "on", "at" or "by", in the sense of "near". This is not the word usually translated as "through".

thy -- (OS) The word translated as "thy" is the Greek definite article. Without a noun, it has the sense of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.

truth: .-- The literal meaning of the Greek word for "truth" is "not hidden," and it means what is real as opposed to how things seem. Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance.

missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.

thy -- (CW) This is not the common second-person possessive pronoun, but a special pronoun used to describe things that are owned. It might be better translated as "your own".

missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.

word -- (CW) "Word" is translated from a Greek word that means "calculation" or "reasoning", but it has many, many specific meanings from "deliberation" to "narrative". It is the source of our word "logic" and is the root word for all the English words that end in "-ology". Most biblical translations translated it as "word" for somewhat poetic reasons. However, when applied to people, it means "repute" or "reputation". More about this word in this article. In English, we would say "logic," "concept, or "reasoning" to describe it but it also means the communication of various types, so "message" often works. "Teaching" might work but it is unrelated to the common words for "to teach", "teacher" and "student" that all have the same root.

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.

truth. .-- The literal meaning of the Greek word for "truth" is "not hidden" and it means what is real as opposed to how things seem. Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance.

NIV — word by word

Sanctify -- The "sanctify" here means to "purify" for dedication to the Divine, "to dedicate to God" and "to sanctify", usually by burning an offering. The noun form means "a thing that creates awe". Another way to think about this word is that it describes something set apart only for God.

them -- The word translated as "them" is the Greek word commonly translated as third-person pronouns in English in the form of an plural object of a verb or preposition. As the object of a preposition, an accusative object indicates movement towards something or a position reached as a result of that movement. Events may show the amount of time

by -- (CW) The word translated as "through" means "in", "within", "with" (an instrument), "by" (near), "by" (means of), "during" (time) or "among" with a dative object as the one here. When referring to time, it means "during". It can mean "on", "at" or "by", in the sense of "near". This is not the word usually translated as "by".

the -- The word translated as "the" is the Greek definite article. Without a noun, it has the sense of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these", "those") than the English "the". See this article for more.

truth -- The literal meaning of the Greek word for "truth" is "not hidden" and it means what is real as opposed to how things seem. Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance.

missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.

your -- (CW) This is not the common second-person possessive pronoun, but a special pronoun used to describe things that are owned. It might be better translated as "your own".

missing "the/this" -- (MW) The untranslated word is the Greek definite article, "the", which usually precedes a noun and, without a noun, takes the meaning of "the one". The Greek article is much closer to our demonstrative pronouns ("this", "that", "these" and "those"). See this article for more.

word -- (CW) "Word" is translated from a Greek word that means "calculation" or "reasoning", but it has many, many specific meanings from "deliberation" to "narrative". It is the source of our word "logic" and is the root word for all the English words that end in "-ology". Most biblical translations translated it as "word" for somewhat poetic reasons. However, when applied to people, it means "repute" or "reputation". More about this word in this article. In English, we would say "logic," "concept, or "reasoning" to describe it but it also means the communication of various types, so "message" often works. "Teaching" might work but it is unrelated to the common words for "to teach", "teacher" and "student" that all have the same root.

is -- The verb "is" here is the common form of "to be" in Greek. It means to have a certain characteristic or remain in a certain condition. It also equates terms or assigns characteristics.

truth. -- The literal meaning of the Greek word for "truth" is "not hidden" and it means what is real as opposed to how things seem. Applied to people, it means "truthfulness" and "sincerity". The opposite of a lie or appearance.

Greek

Greek Word Order

Lost in Translation

Vocabulary (Greek word by word)

KJV — word by word

NIV — word by word